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3k        12!                        k                 ()
                                                   2 ()
 5( )         4( )                    3( )

                                     12! : ( )

          12! = 12×11×10× 9×8× 7× 6× 5× 4×3× 2

          = 210 × 35 × 52 × 7 ×11

                              . k =5

       3             3 12!                      :

.3                   9

                        .3+ 2 = 5               3

.6 N                                     [Aust.MC 1994] ( )
              . 648

16 ( )    12 ( )                     N             4 ()

                                        9( )

N = p5      6 =1× 6 = 2×3            :( )

                   .                 qp         N = pq 2

          1, p , p 2, p 3, p 4, p 5      N = p5

                 . pk

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