Page 91 - ibtekar

‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺁﺨﺭ ‪ -‬ﺒﺤﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺒﻪ ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻙ ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﺒﺩﻋﻭﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻻ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻷﻨﻭﺍﻉ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻨﺴﺎﺥ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻐﻼل ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻴﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺤﻤﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺤﻕ ﺨﺎﺹ ﻫﻭ‬
‫ﺤﻕ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ )‪ ،(Database Right‬ﻭﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﺘﺏ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﻨﻅﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻭﺼﻭل ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺒﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﺼﻴﻠﺔ)‪.(11‬‬

‫‪ -3‬ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ ﻫﻭ ﺘﻭﺼﻴﻑ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ )ﻨﺼﻭﺹ‪ ،‬ﺼﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﺴﻭﻤﻴﺎﺕ‪ ..‬ﺇﻟﺦ( ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺭﺽ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ ﻫﻭ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻷﻏﺭﺍﺽ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺇﺫ ﺃﺼﺒﺢ ﻤﻤﺜﻼ ﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟـﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺘـﺼﻤﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺭﺽ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﻗﻨﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋل‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻤﻜـﻥ ﺘﻠﺨﻴـﺼﻪ‬
‫ﺒﻜﻭﻨﻪ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺓ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل؛ ﻭﻷﻨﻪ ﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ ﻴﺤﻤل ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺘﺭﻭﻴﺴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﻤـﺎ ﻴﺠﻌﻠـﻪ ﻴﺘﻤﺘـﻊ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻌﺭﺽ ﻤﻨﺘﺠـﺎﺕ ﺭﻗﻤﻴـﺔ ﻜﺎﻷﻟﻌـﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﺤﻅﻰ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺤﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻘﺩ ﺤﺼﻠﺕ ﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺃﻤﺎﺯﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﺭﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺭﺍﻉ )ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻕ ﺒﻨﻘـﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺤـﺩﺓ ‪One-Click‬‬
‫‪ (Shopping‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ ﺸﺭﻜﺔ )‪ (Priceline‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺯﺍﺩﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻜﺴﺔ)‪ .(12‬ﻟﺘﺒـﺩﺃ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺭﺍﻉ ﻟﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴـﺘﻡ ﺘـﺼﺭﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻭﺘﺄﺩﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪1 K.C.Laudon and J.P.Laudon, op cit, pp46.-4.‬‬
‫‪2. A. Ovans: Can You Patent Your Business Model?, HBR,Vol(78), No.(4),‬‬

‫‪July-Aug 2000, p16. and A.S. Alias and R. Stim(2003): Patent, Copyright,‬‬
‫‪& Trademark, Delta Printing Solutions, Inc., Berkeley.‬‬
‫‪3. W. G.Zikmund and M.Damico (2002): Effective Marketing, South-Western,‬‬
‫‪Australia, p241-244.‬‬
‫‪4. R. A.Spinello(2000): Syperethics, Jones and Bartlett Publishing,Boston,p77.‬‬
‫‪5. Unesco(1993): The ABC of Copyright, Paris,pp22-23.‬‬
‫‪6. D.Johnston et al.(1997): CyperLaw, Stoddart Publishing Co., Toronto,‬‬
‫‪pp148-9.‬‬
‫‪7. R.A.Spinello, op cit, pp77-8, and D.Johnston et al., op cit, pp48-49.‬‬
‫‪8. Unesco, op cit, p36.‬‬
‫‪9. Kenneth C.Laudon and J.P.Laudon(2001): Essential of Management‬‬

‫‪Information System, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, p143.‬‬
‫‪10. L.C.Thurow: Needed: A New System of Intellectual Property Rights, HBR,‬‬

‫‪Vol(75), No.(5), Sep-Oct 1997, p96.‬‬

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