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Ÿ-b<¡~9¡EH Ÿ-bJxƒF   ˆ*]+°( * 74

ÁbjD* –~|ŒD*                                                                                                                      

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 ¤›G3 „£-H œ†˜g+ bž+ œpF ™’pgF ™D bE b›-b£0 ¤A ™’pg-  ibcBb†˜D*H i*5y†˜D*  dB*¡†D* &* f£0 Ÿ£A 2xA –C –cJ
*K ]/ f˜žE ,xC*wD* hFb’A  “D3 œE °K ]+ f£˜•< xJ4b- dg’J bC ]D  ibJ*HxD* œ< ,]£†+ Ÿ-b+bgC hFb’A Ÿ-b£0 fJbžF ¤A bE&*

 „pD* $¡~zDH  f+b~zD* l¡pcD*H ibJxƒ›D* ¢•< ]˜g†- b˜C Hx1%°* Ÿ•†ŒJ bE ¢•< ]˜g†- f£˜•†D* f+bg’D* °&  f•0x˜D*  wG ¤A
,]J]< i*xE ‚bc0°( b+ eb~|J "x’›~6" –†/ b˜E  ,b£pD* x1*H&* ¤A xCwgD* ib+¡†~8H ,xC*wDb+ •†g- fEb< iɒ~{E ”b›G (bA
z£DH i*xCw˜D*" q•€~|E rxgB*H  2¡< ,]< –cB bž›< dgC ]B bC ŸF&* ~{g’J ™. f†)*4 ,x’A ~{gC* ŸF&* ]g†J bC bE]›<
f£~zpD* ,4b~zsD* œ< ¦J¡†g•D f_£cD* —b˜†g~6* ¤A f£Fb. ,xE ,x’ŒD* œ˜’- k£0  (memoranda not memory)",xC*wD*
 “c£/ ¤A ™•+H  ”xJx~6 dFb/ ¢D*( ,x£‰~|D* ‘*4H°& * œE f<¡˜m˜+ „Œg0*  *K ]+*& “-xC*w+ j- °H bž†£˜/ $b£~7&°* dgC*  f£•†D*H

                         8bs~7°& * $b˜~6*& xCw- ‡£€g~zJ ° bC bE]›< –B°& * ¢•<   ]<b~z- *& Ÿg/H5 œE d•: ŸF*( ¢g0
b›+ š]gJ bE]›< f_£cD* –˜†g~zFH iÉJ]†gDb+ š¡FH  £’gF &* ¤G b›£D*( bžDb~|J*( "x›’~6 "]JxJ ¤gD* f/xpD* fDb~6xD* (*

 b›-b£p+ ™’pgD* ¤DbgDb+H  f£<*]+°( * f€~{F&°b+ bžDÉ1 œE ™’pgF f›£†E i*4b£1 3bs-* ¢D(* b£0°& * œE x£jC ¤A f/bp+ b›F*(  x˜†D*
*wG ib<¡~9¡E ‡E bK Eb˜- f~zgE  x˜†D* œE ,xgŒD*  wž+ ˆbg˜g~6°*H ,x1&bg˜D* ,b£pD* –0*xE ¤A ˆ*]+°( * —¡0 "x›’~6" 4b’A*& (*
œE *K x£jC &*H  f£-*wD* b›-x€£~6 hp- ‡- b›-b<*]+(* œE *K x£jCH b›-b£0 œE *K x£jC &* bG2bŒE ¤gD* ,x’ŒD* ‡E ]J]pgDb+H  ebg’D*

                                                                     bž+ š¡F i*4b£1 fDb& ~zE ¡G “D3

                              f~8ÉsD*

                                             CONCLUSION

œ’˜JH  –0*x˜D* ¢D*( fAb~9*( f†)b~{D* 2¡CxD* i*xgA ”b›žA  fŒ•gs˜D* ,b£pD* ib€pE ¤A ,2]†gE °K b’~7&* ˆ*]+°( * wsgJ
i*xcs+ –Œ€D* *2HyJ f£Dy›˜D* f_£cD*H œJ]D*¡D* *& ¢D(* x£~{J f•)b†D* x£.b& - ¤A kpcD* œ’D  n~¦›D* f£•˜†+ –0*x˜D*  wG +4
™mpC  –~|ŒD* *wG ¤A h~9x< ¤gD* i*x£‰g˜D* ¦†+ c~9 œJ]D*¡•D œ’˜J  bK J4w/ *K x£.b& - f£<*]+°( * Ÿ-*4]B ¤A x.¡' - *& œ’˜J

                                      Ix1*& i*x£‰g˜+ ™’pgD* b†£€g~zJ ° b˜›£+  bž+ ™’pgD*H  ÉK jE  f•)b†D*

 f£<*]+(°* i*4]•D *K ]/ fJ4Hx~9 i*xc1 ”b›GH  f<¡›gE i*4b£s+ ¤DbgDb+H f<¡›gE i*xcs+ –Œ€D* *2HyJ œJ]D*¡D* &* b˜C
0bg˜D* ,4bJ5 œE ]£Œg~zJ Ž¡~6 fp~9*H Ÿ£›A —¡£E ŸJ]D ¥wD* –Œ€DbA  Ÿ-*3 ˆ*]+°( * —bmE ¢•<  bK †c:  ]˜g†J “D3 &* ‡E
2HyJ &* ]+ ° b›GH  bžžc~{J bEH f££~6¡˜D* iɌpD* œE f›EbC f££~6¡E ibBb: ŸJ]D ¥wD* –Œ€D* ]£Œg~zJ b˜›£+  94b†˜D*H
œJ]D*¡D* œ’D  f›£†E —¡£E –Œ€D* ]›< ¡’J ]A  ,xcsD* œE ]0*H ˆ¡F ¢•< *]˜g†J °H f<¡›gE i*xcs+ b˜žDbŒ:*& *]D*¡D*
(bA  ]0*¡D* —bm˜D* ¤A ¢g0H  œŒD* H&* š¡•†Db+ –Œ€D* šb˜gG* r]- ¤gD* ,4*x~{D* ¤G pg˜D* ,4bJ5 ¡’- ]BH bžFbC4]J °
bG4H]+ c-x- ,2]†gE xƒF ibž/H 2xŒ•D œ£c- bžF&* dc~zD* ¡’J ]BH  ,]0*¡D* ,xcsD* œE ,])bA xjC*& f<¡›g˜D* i*xcsD*
|pŒ- ¢D*( f/bp+ hD*5 bE ¤gD* f˜ž˜D* fJ4¡€gD* f•_~6&°* ¦†+ ”b›GH  f•J]+ f<¡›gE i*4b£1 2¡/¡+ Ž*xg<°*H fFHx˜Db+
]J*y- 4bcg<°b+ bFw1&* *3(* b˜£~6°  ŽM bC x£= ,x1b& g˜D*H ¢€~6¡D* ,b£pD* –0*xE ¤A ˆ*]+(°* ¤A kpcDbA  ¤cJxmgD* kpcDb+
]D  –Œ€D* ‡E A œJ]D*¡D* ]0&* 2¡/H ¡G kpcD* œE ]JyE ¢D*( f/bp+ x1%* —bmE ”b›GH  ™Db†D* ¤A œ~zD* 4bcC 2*]<&*
]0&* ‡E ¡~{£†J œJwD* f~9HxD* —bŒ:*& ]›< —b£sD* f†~6 (Cornelius & Yawkey, 1986) "¤C¡J" H "6¡£•£F4¡C" kp+
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