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ibAb~{gC°* ¤A $¤~7 ™G&* ¡’J bE bcK Db="  —bB œ£0 ÉK .b˜E bK _£~7  Wertheimer, 1982  "x˜£.x£A" rxgB* ]BH
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~8HH  iK ɒ~{˜•D f£~6b~zpD*"  b˜~6&* bE Ÿ~zŒF ‘b£~zD* ¤A (Guilford, 1950) "24¡Œ•£/" ~8H b˜C       8 " rHx€E
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–˜†Db+ f€c-xE Ix1&* dF*¡/H f•’~{˜D* Žb~{gC* —¡0 ,2]†gE xƒF ibž/H  1994f  "¡’F4" ‡˜/ ]BH     8  f£<*]+°( *
Arlin, 1975;  ,]J]< ib0*xgB* ¢D*( fAb~9(* ˆ*]+°( * ¤A f•’~{˜D* Žb~{gC* 4H2 ¢•<  bBK bŒ-* ”b›G *& IxF *w’GH  ¤<*]+(°*
ˆ*]+(ÉD fJ4Hx~¦D* i*4bž˜D* *& ¢D(* x£~{-  Tannebaum ŸcgC ¥wD* –~|ŒD* ¤A Smolucha & Smolucha, 1986,

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