Page 93 - ibdaa
P. 93

Ÿ-b<¡~9¡EH Ÿ-bJxƒF   ˆ*]+°( * 92

kDbjD* –~|ŒD*                                                                                                                       

 —b0 fJ*& ¢•<  bž›E x£jCH  ˆ*]+(°* ™žŒD fc~z›Db+ IxcC f£˜G&* ib’c~{D*H x)*H]D*H f˜ƒF°& * d~zg’gA  fŒ£;¡D* f£0bF œE bE&*

¥wD* 4b:(°* ¢D(* ‘b£~zD* *wG ¤A 2¡†F b›<2  Ix1&* f£=bE2 f£›+ ¥&* x£.b& - œE xcC*& bGx£.&b-H  f£EbE&°* ‹bE]D* ,x~{+ f•~8 H3
•gsE 6b~6*& bž›E –QM ’D  ¤<*]+°( * x£’ŒgD* œE ‚b˜F&* f†+4*& ~8H k£0  ¤<*]+°( * x£’Œg•D (Dietrich) "{gJxgJ2" ŸŒ~8H

]BH  ¥]~|D* ¤Ax†˜D*H  ¤)b•gD* ¤Ax†˜D*H  ¥]~|D* x£=H ¤Œ:b†D*  ¤)b•gD*H ¤Œ:b†D*  ¤GH °*&  ¤c~|†D* qJx~{gD* œE

‹bE]D* ,x~{B fE]E ¢•< ]˜g†- b†K £˜/ bžF&b+ b˜K •<  ‹bE]D* ¤A ,2]pE x)*H2 –j˜J f†+4&°* ‚b˜F°& *  wG œE ˜F –C *& xC3
                                                     8          "{gJxgJ2" œE zcgF b›GH  f£EbE&°*

“•- –J¡p- –/*& œE f£EbE&°* ‹bE]D* ,x~{B œ< 4]~|J ¤˜£B ™’0 ¢D(* obgpF b›Fb( A  ,]J]/ fŒ£D¡- ]D¡g- bE]›< "

,x’ŒD* i]DS H ¤gD* ,x)*]D* œ< xƒ›D* ¦‰+   bCK xg~{E b’K •~zE ™~6bg- f†+4°& * ˆ*]+°( * ‚b˜F*& (bA  *w’GH  fBÉQ 1 ,x’A ¢D(* fŒ£D¡gD*
 f›£†E ,]J]< ¢›+ ¢•< H&* bž›£†+ ,]0*H f£›+ ¢•< °  x)*H]D*H “Db~z˜D* ¢•< d~|›J b›G y£CxgD* *& q~9*¡D* œ˜A  " ,]J]mD*

                               ‡+x˜D*

                    "f~7*xA 2xmE š*& xp~6 ¡G –G

                               Is It Magic or Just a Butterfly?

H&* f£~6]pD* ib~¦E¡D* H&*  xp~zD* ¢D*( Ÿ-y< ]B Ÿ-bJxƒF œE *xK £jC &* Hx= °H   x£~zŒ- H&* ˆ*]+°( * Jx†- –ž~zD* œE z£D
x£~zŒgD* –cJ ° $¤~7 2¡/¡+ ™£•~zgD* ¢D(* ˆy›- bž›E fJxƒF –CH  ¤<HÉD* ib£•˜< œE bGx£= H&* fFb~¦pD* H&* fJ4¡€~6&°* ib˜ž•˜D*
2¡/H ¢D(* x£~{- ,]J]< f£cJxm- ib~6*42 ”b›G œ’D  –Eb’Db+ f£<*H ° f£•˜< 6]pD* xcg†F ]†F ™D b›F*& dG  ˆ*]+(°* —bmE ¤A
x£=H {G]E $¤~7 ŸF°& –+  x£~zŒgD* –cJ ° ŸF&° °  ¥xp~zDb+ ˆ*]+(°* ~8H œ’˜J ŸF(bA  “D3 ¢•< ,HÉ<H  6]pD* $*4H bE ib£•˜<
 ˆ*]+(ÉD x1%* 4¡ƒ›E ¥*& œEH ebg’D* *wG ¤A x1%* –~|A ¥&* œE xjC*& b˜+4  x£~{- ¤c~|†D* qJx~{gD* l¡p+ b( A “D3 ‡EH  ¥2b£g<*
xJ¡€- b›Ey•J *wžDH  œ££<*]+(*H œ£BÉ1 ¡’F &* ¥4Hx~¦D* œE ¡’J ]B œ’D  Ÿ˜~6É:H ˆ*]+°( * Ÿ›C ™žA œE exgF b›F&* ¢D(*
 Ix1°& * fAx†˜D* —¡0 œE ibJxƒF £Q ’F *& ¡G “D3 –˜†D ‘x€D* I]0(* –†DH  ,]J]mD* l¡pcD* n)bgF x£~zŒgD ,]J]/ ibJxƒF
f£<*]+°( * dF*¡mD* ™žA œ’E&* b˜+xDH  x£~zŒg•D –+bB x£= H]cJ bE –C x£~zŒ- ¤A bF]£Œ- “Chaotic” fJ¡~9¡ŒD* fJxƒ›D* (*  ÉK j˜A
2]<H  2b~|gB°*H z€D* x£~zŒ- ¤A š]sg~zJ bE *xK £jC ¥wD* "f~7*xŒD* x.&*" ¢˜Q ~z˜D* ‘ÉsD* x£~zŒgD* —É1 œE *xK p~6 H]c- ¤gD*
¤<*]+°( * 4b~|cg~6°* (*   Gleick, 1987 “£•/  bK 0° b˜K £ƒ< *xK .&* •sJ ]B *xK £‰~8 b& €1 *& k£0  f£†£c€D* xG*¡ƒD* œE
¢•< £~z+ x££‰gD œ’˜J £C x£~zŒ- ¤A " f~7*xŒD* x.*& " b›Œ†~zJ ]B b›GH  d< ¢•< b~K6*& 4 bE ,x’A d•F bE]›< dDb‰D* ¤A l]pJ

                      ™žE ¤<*]+(*H ‘É1 4b~|cg~6* ¢D*( ¥*& – f•£~8&*H f†)*4 4b’A*& ¢D(* ¥2¡' J &* d~|†D* $b£˜£C I¡g~zE
”b›G ¡’- ° bE]›< l]pJ ¥wD* (Lykken, 1981) “emergensis” ‹HycD* ,x’A ¤/¡D¡£cD* 4¡ƒ›˜D* œE exg-H
b˜QK C H*&  b€K £~z+ b£K D¡: b<K ¡˜mE fm£g›D* ¡’- ° bE]›< –B°& * ¢•< H&*  f+b~6 ‚Hx~7H ŽHxƒ+ ,x~7bcE H*& fp~9*H f•~8 i*3 fm£gF
ebc~6*& " ¢•<  wG ‹HycD* ,x’A (Waller et al. 1993, p. 235) ŸBbA4H "xDHH" c: ]BH  bŒK <b~¦E bmK -bF –+  b£QK ˜C*x- b£QK †˜/
*w’GH  "¤˜C*x- e¡•~6&b+ z£DH ibŒ<b~¦˜D* e¡•~6&b+ –˜†- &° fp~7xE f£Ax†˜D*H f£~|s~{D* –E*¡†D*" &* ¢D*( *¡~|•1H  "ˆ*]+°( *
,x’ŒD*  wG œE ˆ*]+(°* ib.4¡E —bmE ¤A kpcD* 2bA&* ]BH  fJ2b£g<°* f£cc~zD* –E*¡†D*  x~zŒ- &* œ’˜J ° bE ‹HycD* b›D x~QzŒJ
iÉ)b†D* ¤A dG*¡E 2¡/H f£Œ£C H&*  œ££)b›jg~6°* —bŒ:°& * ,2°H x£~zŒ- ¤A (Harrington, 1990; Waller et al. 1993)
f+b€g˜D* ™)*¡gD* ¤A bEK b˜- fJHb~zgE ¡’- k£p+ kJ4¡g•D f•+bB ¡’- *& f£<*]+°( * ,4]•D œ’˜J £C –+  f£<*]+°( * —¡£˜D* i*3

                                                         (DZ) $b~7&°* ™)*¡gD* ¤A “DwC ¡’- °H (MZ)
   88   89   90   91   92   93   94   95   96   97   98