Page 135 - ibdaa
P. 135

Ÿ-b<¡~9¡EH Ÿ-bJxƒF   ˆ*]+(°* 134

‡+*xD* –~|ŒD*                                                                                                                        

H]cJH   ¤D*¡gD* ¢•<          $*x†~{DbA  ¡£)*HxDbA  rx~z˜D* ¤A ¡•Eb†D* ™GÉ-        œ£££~6¡˜D* œ£+ b<K ¡£~7 bGxjC&*

  f£~|s~{D* ibFb£cD* ¤A 2xJ ™D *wG *& H&*  B i*4]s˜D* *¡:b†gJ ™D {£mD* 2*xA*& H  œ££~9bJxD*H  œ£Œ~{g’˜D* &* bJK xGb;
"–+¡F" ]/H b˜›£+  —¡p’D* —Hb›- ¢D(* ¡Db£Q E 8¡~|sD* Ÿ/H ¢•< ebgQ ’O D* &* ]/H ]A  (Goodwin, 1989 ) œJH2¡= bE*&

                             bž£:b†gD ¤.*4H ¤›£/ 6b~6*& 2¡/H ¢•< fD2°& * ¦†+ (Noble et al. 1993) ŸBbA4H

 —bj˜D* –£c~6 ¢•†A  œJ54bcD* œ£<]c˜Db+ f•†g˜D* f£Œ£~74°& * ib~6*4]D*H i*]Gb~{˜D* –˜’£D ¤cJxmgD* kpcD* 4H2 ¤-&bJ b›GH
£CH  f£<*]+°( * f£•˜†D* œE fŒ•gs˜D* –0*x˜D* ¤A (Norlander & Gustafson, 1998) "4]F°4¡F" H "œ~zAbg~6¡=" kp+

A I¡g~z˜D* f£Db< fDb~8&* *]/H b~¦K J*& b˜ž›’DH  fFb~¦pD* f•0x˜+ c-xJ ¤:b†gD* *& *]/¡A  —¡p’D* ¤:b†g+ f•0xE –C x.b& g-
 wG $b›.&* ¤A fFHx˜D* lH]0 ‡›˜J —¡p’D* ¤:b†- *& H]cJH  f£<*]+°( * f£•˜†D* œE "illumination" 4b~|cg~6°* f•0xE ¤A

œ~zAbg~6¡=  f£<*]+(°* f£•˜†D* –0*xE œE ,x£1°& * f•0x˜D* ¤GH  pgD* f•0xE †~¦+ fBÉ< “DwD &* H]cJ b˜C  f•0x˜D*

]0*H 4b£†E bE]sg~6* k£0  —¡p’D* f~6*42 ¤A fB]D* f£Db< x£Jb†E *]˜g<* œ£j0bcD* œJwG &* ™Q ž˜D* œ’D         4]F°4¡FH
                                      ™~zmD* 5H œE š*x= ¡£•C –’D  |Db1 —¡pC      —¡p’D* œE xg••E

                      f£<*]+(°* f£•˜†D* –0*xE

                               Phases in the Creative Process

f•0x˜+ *& ]c- ¤gD* f£<*]+°( * f£•˜†•D (Wallace, 1926) 6°*H 4¡Q ~|- ¢•< —¡p’D* x£.&bg+ f•†g˜D* l¡pcD* œE x£jC ]˜g†J
ŸF*& °*(  *]K / ™J]B o3¡˜›D* *wG &* ‡EH  "Verification" pgDbA  4b~|cg~6°bA  fFb~¦pD* –0*xE ¢D*( –g›- ™.  2*]<°( *

                                        ¡’F4  f£<*]+°( * f£•˜†D* —¡0 ,x~8b†˜D* l¡pcD* n)bgF œE x£jC ‡E ™m~z›J

™ž›E fDHbpE ¤A œ£g£cJxm- œ£g<¡˜mE ¢•< —¡p’D*  x~{›D* ]£B  (Svenssen et al.) ŸBbA4H œ~z›£Œ~6 exQ / ]BH
hDHb›- ¤gD* f<¡˜m˜D* &* œ£c- k£0 f~{G]E ™GxJx- n)bgF i$b/  fJ¡FbjD* f£•˜†D*H f£DH&°* f£•˜†D* ¤A l]pJ bE  b›’g~6°

f£•˜†D* lH]0 –žQ ~zJ —¡p’D* ¤:b†- &b+ *Hb& c›- “DwDH  f£DH&°* f£•˜†D* œE xjC&* fJ¡FbjD* f£•˜†D* š*]sg~6* ¢D*( –£˜- —¡p’D*
fm£g›D*  wG b›D x~zŒ- b˜+4H                     "œ~zAbg~6¡=" H "4]F° 4¡F"  fJ¡FbjD* f£•˜†D* lH]0 ‡›˜J Ÿ›’DH  f£DH°& *

¤A x£’ŒgD* (*  b›<*]+*( œE œ~zp- ¤DbgDb+H  bFx£’Œ- 4xp- bžF&* ¢•< —¡p’D* 4¡~|J ¥wD* ‡)b~{D* `:bsD* š¡žŒ˜D* f~{G]˜D*
f£<*]+(°* i*4b~|cg~6°* bE&*  bžK Ab- ¡’J b˜+4H ¤£0 x£= b~¦K J*& ¡’J ]B Ÿ›’DH  fDb~8&* xjC*& ÉK †A ¡’J ]B x’~zD* ,¡~{F $b›.*&
 fcJx= ,x’A ÉK †A ™žJ]D ¡’gJ ]A  bŒK £†~9 ¤-*wD* ™Gx£’Œ- ¢•< I4b’~zD* ™’0 ¡’J b˜+4H  šb˜gG°b+ ,xJ]/H f£•~8&bA

                                    bžgGbŒ- I]E ¢D(* ¡gŒg•J ° ™ž›’DH  f•£~8&* bžF°& bžF¡cp£A  f£•~8*& ¤DbgDb+H

                      fJ¡FbjD*H f£DH&°* ib£•˜†D*

                            Primary and Secondary Processes

]B ¤gD* 4¡~|D* œE ™ƒ›E x£=H A]gE ‡+bgg+ y£˜g-H  6b›D* œE œJx£jC I]D ,b£pD* ™•0 ,xc1 f£DH&°* f£•˜†D* fAx†E ]†-
Helson, 1999,) "*H]†D*H z›mD*" f~8bs+H  fŒ:b†Db+ –jE I¡gpE ¢•< ¥¡€›- ]BH  ¥2b†D* bžBb£~6 œ< Žxp›- H&* ]†gc-
f£Fɏ<H fA2bG" ¤žA fJ¡FbjD* f£•˜†D* bE&*  Ÿg•Œ›˜D* x<b~{˜D*H 4b’A°& *H f£~z›mD* ,¡ž~{D*H ,Hy›D* f£DH°& * f£•˜†D* z’†-H  (p. 361

     f£•†ŒD* ‡)bB¡D*H )bpD* ¢D*( ]›g~z-H f£•˜<H f£†B*H bžF*& b˜C      8        œ~z•£G  "fJ]£•gD* +*¡~¦•D bK AH x£~z-H
   130   131   132   133   134   135   136   137   138   139   140