Page 311 - ibdaa
P. 311
-b<¡~9¡EH -bJxF *]+(°* 310
x~7bD* ~|D*
bE bcK Db=H f£E¡£D* ,xcsD*H f£+xgD*H ¡D* E *$K y@/ ¡- ]A bEK b- fgE I]D* fJ¡: i*xcsD* ¡- ° ]BH
E c~¦Db+ f£- z£D *wGH f<*]D* H*& fD* i*xcsD* ¢< ¡~|pDb+ ¥*& fJxD* w+ fEbD* ibBbD* pg-
fBbD* wG £pgD < J bE ¡0 ib0*xgB* ¢D*( ÉK A 2¡-H fEbD* fBbD* b+ pg- ¤gD* f£D* x~zJ F*&
x£gD* ¡<]J o3bFH £+4]E ¢<H (Zuckerman, 1977) ¤<*]+°( * D 8xA ¢< ¡~|pD* ÉK jE D* A
¤A i*xcsD* wG < kpcF bE ,2b< bF&* bgGÉD x£jD* EH (Albert,1988; Zuckerman, 1977) ¤<*]+(°*
H&* £C4b~{D*H B*¡D*H @Cb@E&°* *H]mJ ¤D ,x£cC *2K ¡/ ¡DwcJ £<]cD* E x£jA fA]~|D* ¦p+ l]p- °
2xD* ¤A x.'¡- ,xcsD* *& bC bG4b£g1*H i*xcsD* ¤A 2xD* x.¡' J k£0 bm-°* f£)b. f£< ¡D*H £c~6bD* £+4]D*
(Albert & Runco, 1989; Scarr & McCartney, 1983)
]<b~z- *& J f£gD* &° fEbD* fBbD* £p- b~¦K J&* ~¦gJ + A f£gD* ¢< ~|D* *wG *¡< x~|gJ DH
fEbD* ,xcsD* E $ymC b~¦K J&* pg- ibBbD* wG DH fBbD* wG £p- ¤A
bEbgG* bC *3b( A f£gD 5ÉD* dJ4]gD* 4*]+ gJ I]D* fJ¡:H I]D* ,x£~|B f£gD* 2¡/ £+ x1%* xA bGH
f/b0 bG &* 4bcD* J]~7*xD* ib~6*42 i]C*& ]BH dJ4]gD* ,2bJ5 ~¦A°& * E ¡£~zA fEbD* fEbD* fBbD* ¢< bcK ~|E
b£A ¡- ,b£pD* wG ¤A ,xgA bG D (Langer, 1989) b~zF(°* ,b£0 ,4H2 É1 f£<*]+°( * ibC¡~zD* £m~{- ¢D*(
° b£+ *]K £/ f£gD* E f£E *¡F*& b£A qm- b~zF°( * ,b£0 ¤A ,xcE b-K bBH*& bG &* bC bGx£= E f£<bA xjC*& f£gD*
f1¡s£~{D* e¡~6*& E H]£g~zJ ÉK jE ¡FbDbA 4b<&°* E x< + f~8b1 ib/b0 bG *& bC *]K +&* Ix1*& *¡F&* qm-
¢D(* bG]+ *¡/bg0*H EyD* E ,xgD £E e¡~6b& + *¡< ]B ¡F¡J bE]< *]K £E ¡J ]B D3 DH (Lindauer, 1991)
ibEbgG°* ¤A fJ4H]D* i*x£gD* E bcK Db= H]£g~zJ $bD*H ~¦D* dF*¡/ E ¤Fb£~6 <*]+(* b( A °Q (*H @ +¡~6&* x££-
¡J b+4H A -b£0 E f£E fF ]< *]K £E ¡J D3 DH (Root – Bernstein et al. 1993,1995) f£jpcD*
e¡~6&* fJx+ ,]£E f£jpcD* ibEbgG°* ¤A i*x£gD* ¡- ]BH ,b£pD* E xcE hBH ¤A ,xcsD* 4¡g- &* ~¦A°& * E
f£E fE E ,x1&bgD* H&* ¢~6¡D* 0*xD* ¤A bE(* b~zF f1¡s£~{D*
0 ¤A g~z- i*¡1 < ,4bc< ¤GH f£E i*$*x/*( H ib£m£-*xg~6*H ib£g- fgD* f£gD* ]C¡' - bE bcK Db=H
bG z£D xE°& * B*H ¤AH f£gD I]D* fJ¡: 2¡mD* ¤A 1]- *& J bF*& °*( ,2]pE i*¡1 wG *& EH f~{D*
])*¡D* ]~|pD ~8xA i2*5 b£C ¤A |s~{D* xjg~6* *3(bA I]D* fJ¡:H I]D* ,x£~|B f£gD* £+ 4b£g1ÉD ,4Hx~9
fJ¡: i*x~z£E < *¡jpcJH -b<*]+*( ¤A ,¡D* dF*¡/H G2¡/ <]- ¤gD* D*H ib_£cD* *H4bgsJ *& 2*xA°& * ¢< (bA *wD
~|D* *wG E *xK £jC b~|~|1 ]D ,4Hx~¦D* ]< f£E ib£g- bg~6* *¡gJ &* b~¦K J&* £< DH *]+(ÉD I]D*
*wG ¤A b~8H bF&* bC xcC&* nEbFx+ ¤A nE]- H&* ¥2xA ~{+ g~z- *& J ib£ggD* wG *& k£0 ¤£ggD* *]+É( D
¤£ggD* *]+°( * b£~6 ¤A $b/ C D3 DH f£A*]D*H *]/¡D*H ibGbm-°*H o*yDb+ f~8b1 ib0*xgB* ~|D*