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.5ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺨﺎﺀ:
ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺨﺎﺀ ﺘﻌ ﺩ ﻀﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ ،ﻭﺘﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﺘﻌﻘﻴﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻭﻁﺔ ﺒﻬﻡ ،ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺈﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻭﻥ ﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺨﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻴل ،ﺒﻬﺩﻑ
ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ.
ﺜﺎﻨﻴﹰﺎ :ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ
.1ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﻓﻬﻤﻬﻡ ﻭﻗﺒﻭﻟﻬﻡ:
ﻴﻤﻴل ﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﻘﺩ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻻ ﻴﻤﺘﻠﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻬـﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺘﺠﺎﻫـﺎﺕ ﻤـﺸﺎﺒﻬﺔ
ﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﺘﺠﺎﻫﺎﺘﻬﻡ ،ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺒﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻷﻥ ﻴﺼﺒﺤﻭﺍ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻭﻋﻴﹰﺎ ﻭﺘﻘﺒ ﹰﻼ ﻟﻠﻔـﺭﻭﻕ ﺒـﻴﻥ
ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻋﻴﻬﻡ ﺒﺄﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ.
.2ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ:
ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ ،ﻭﺘﻌ ﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻵﺨـﺭﻴﻥ
ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﻌﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺩ ﺘﻭﺍﺠﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ ،ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻫﻘﺔ ،ﻭﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺒل ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻗـﺩ ﺘﻅﻬـﺭ
ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻨﺩﻤﺎﺝ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ .ﻟﻴﻜﻭﻨﻭﺍ ﻤﻭﻀﻊ ﺜﻘﺔ ﻟﺯﻤﻼﺌﻬﻡ ،ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﺒـﺔ ﻓـﻲ
ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻻﻨﻁﻼﻕ ،ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺈﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ.
.3ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻭﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﺍﻋﻤﻴﻥ:
ﺇﻥ ﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻫـﻭﺒﻴﻥ ،ﺘﺘﺭﻜـﺯ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻫﻤﻴـﺔ ﺘﻨﻤﻴـﺔ
ﺍﻻﺘﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴﺔ ﻨﺤﻭﻫﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺃﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺩﺭﺴﻴﺔ ﺇﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ .ﻓﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺕ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺘﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺘﺘﻭﺍﻓﺭ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ،ﻴﺭﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻋﻤﻭﻥ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻤـﻥ
ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ.
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