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ﺜﺎﻟﺜﹰﺎ :ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺌﻴﺔ
.1ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ:
ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻭﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﺭﺹ ﺘﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻬﻡ ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺘﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻋﻲ ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ ،ﻭﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤـل
ﻤﻊ ﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺒﻁﺭﻕ ﻤﺒﺩﻋﺔ.
.2ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺩﻤﺔ:
ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺩﻤﺔ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺘﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﻗﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴـﺭ ﻋﻨﻬـﺎ
ﺒﺎﻻﻜﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﺅل ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل ،ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻷﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻌﺩﻴﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴـﺔ
ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ،ﻭﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﻤﺤﹼﻔﺯﺓ ،ﻭﻜﺎﺩﺭ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻤﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻔـل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫـﻭﺏ،
ﻓﺎﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ ﻻ ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺒﻤﻔﺭﺩﻩ ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺫﻫﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻭﺍﻫﺒﻪ ،ﺒل ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﺘﺘﺤﺩﻯ ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺘﺴﻬﻡ
ﻓﻲ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺫﺍﺘﻪ.
ﻭﻻ ﻨﻨﺴﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ ،ﻭﺘﻤﺘﻌﻬﻡ ﺒﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﺎ -
ﻴﻌﺒﺭﻭﻥ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﻘﻭﺓ -ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺠﻬﺩ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻟﻔﻬﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ .ﻟﺫﺍ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺒﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﺘﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺒﻘـﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ
ﻭﻤﻭﺍﻫﺒﻬﻡ ،ﻭﺘﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻬﻡ ﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﺼﺎﺀ ﺤﻭل ﻤﺎ ﻴﻁﺭﺡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻀﺎﻴﺎ ﻭﺘﺤـﺩﻴﺎﺕ
ﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ.
.3ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﻴﺔ:
ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺏ ﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ،ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺘـﻭﺍﻓﺭ
ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓـﺈﻥ ﻫﻨـﺎﻙ ﺤﺎﺠـﺔ
ﻟﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﻤﺠـﺎﻻﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ .ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺴﺘﺩﻋﻲ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤﹰﺎ ﺨﺎﺼﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻟﻔﻬﻤﻬـﺎ،
ﻭﺒﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻴﻀﻴﻘﻭﻥ ﺫﺭﻋﹰﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﺼﻑ.
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