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ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻥ:
ﺘﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﻜﻭﺭ ﻴﻨﻅﺭﻭﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺠﻬﻭﺩﻫﻡ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺩﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ،ﻓﺎﻟﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﺫﻭﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ ﻴﻌﺯﻭﻥ ﻨﺠـﺎﺤﻬﻡ ﻟﻠﻘـﺩﺭﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺫﻭﻟﻴﻥ ،ﻭﻴﻌﺯﻭﻥ ﻓﺸﻠﻬﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﻘﺹ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺫﻭل ،ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺘﻌﺯﻭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻫﻭﺒـﺎﺕ ﻨﺠـﺎﺤﻬﻥ
ﻟﻠﺤﻅ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺩ ،ﻭﻴﻌﺯﻴﻥ ﻓﺸﻠﻬﻥ ﻟﻨﻘﺹ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻥ ).(Siegle & Reis,1998
ﻴﻘﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﻜﻭﺭ ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴـﺔ ﺒـﺸﻜل ﺃﻓـﻀل ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨـﺔ ﻤـﻊ ﺍﻹﻨـﺎﺙ
) (Stumpf,1998ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺘﻘﺩﺭ ﺍﻹﻨﺎﺙ ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻘﺎﺒل ﺍﻟﺫﻜﻭﺭ.
ﻭﻴﺩﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻼ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻥ ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ،ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﻴﻅﻬـﺭ
ﺒﻌﺩ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻜﻼ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻥ ،ﻭﺘـﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﻫـﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺒـﺭﺍﺕ ﺒﺎﻷﺴـﺭﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ.
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