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ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺏ ﺇﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺒﺘﻜﺎﺭ ﺫﻭ ﻤﺭﺩﻭﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻏﻠﺏ ﻤﺭﺍﺤﻠﻪ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼل ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﻕ.
ﺨﺎﻤﺴﺎ :ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ ):(Incorrect Measures
ﺘﻌﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﺌﺩ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺒﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺼﺔ ﺍﻟـﺴﻭﻗﻴﺔ ﻷﻨﻬـﺎ
ﺍﻷﺴﻬل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻼﻤﻠﻤﻭﺴﺎﺕ ) (Intangiblesﻤﺜل ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻌﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓـﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺠﺘـﺫﺍﺏ
ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻫﺏ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺼﻭل ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ.
ﺇﻥ ﺃﻏﻠﺏ ﺍﻻﺒﺘﻜﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﺒﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺌﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ) ،(ROIﺤﺘـﻰ ﺘﻠـﻙ
ﺍﻻﺒﺘﻜﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﺈﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﺃﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻤﺎ ﻗﻭﺭﻨﺕ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻨﺎﺠﺤﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ .ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻓﺈﻥ
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻤﺎﺴﺔ ﻹﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻟﺘﺠﻨﺏ ﻋﻘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺌﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ.
IBM (2006): Five barriers to Innovation.
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